Many factors can contribute to drivers becoming tired, sleepy or generally less aware of their surroundings, a condition known as driver fatigue. While the name implies tiredness, there are other things that contribute to this dangerous and preventable problem. When people drive while experiencing driver fatigue, they have decreased reaction times, less awareness and a higher likelihood for accidents.
When people drive while they are tired, drowsy, or sleepy, this is referred to as "driver fatigue." Driver fatigue is a major cause of car accidents, since sleepy drivers are unable to make rapid decisions, and they may have slower reaction times. As a result, many governments have education programs to alert people to the dangers of driving while tired, and drivers are encouraged to avoid conditions which may lead to driver fatigue.
Tired drivers often have a difficult time processing and using information; for example, a driver may not recognize that he or she has drifted into the wrong lane until it is too late. Driver fatigue can also lead to reduced vigilance and slower reaction times. In extreme cases, a driver may actually fall into a microsleep, briefly losing consciousness on the road, and this can be extremely dangerous. The risks of driver fatigue go up dramatically between 10:00 PM and dawn, especially for people who work unusual hours or who may have sleep disorders.
Infrequent Breaks
While driving for extended periods of time, it is important to take breaks, even if you aren't tired or bored. For every 80 to 90 minutes of driving, stop and get out, walk around and get something to eat. Take your mind off driving and think about something else.
Lack of Sleep
People who drive after little or no sleep have trouble focusing, staying awake and reacting to obstacles or problems on the road. For several days before a big trip, try to get plenty of sleep. This will help you feel energized and healthy so you can focus and stay alert for your drive.
Conditions
Road and driving conditions greatly affect the rate and severity of driver fatigue. Driving at night, in inclement weather or through construction zones increases stress and tires you out, lowering your alertness and ability to drive effectively. Your condition as a driver matters, too. Driving with any alcohol in your system can slow your reaction time.
Health Problems
Certain health problems or conditions can affect how quickly a driver experiences driver fatigue. Elderly or sick drivers have less driving endurance than other drivers and are more quickly affected by stress and fatigue. Chronic conditions like narcolepsy, insomnia or sleep disorders, such as sleep apnea, can prevent your ability to drive effectively for any period of time. If you have any medical condition that hampers your ability to drive, consult a doctor before driving long distances.
